English Revolution (1642 - 1660) commencing as a civil war between Parliament and the King, and culminating in the execution of Charles I and the establishment of a republican Commonwealth, which was succeeded several years later by the Protectorate of Oliver Cromwell.
Glorious Revolution (1688) is the overthrow of King James II of England (James VII of Scotland and James II of Ireland) by a union of English Parliamentarians with the Dutch stadtholder William III of Orange-Nassau (William of Orange) and the drafting of the English Bill of Rights. William's successful invasion of England with a Dutch fleet and army led to his ascending the English throne as William III of England jointly with his wife Mary II of England.
American Revolution (1775 - 1783) establishes independence of the thirteen North American colonies from Great Britain, creating the republic of the United States of America.
French Revolution (1789 - 1799) as a period of radical social and political upheaval in France that had a major impact on France and throughout the rest of Europe. Old ideas about tradition and hierarchy â of monarchy, aristocracy, and religious authority â were abruptly overthrown by new Enlightenment principles of equality, citizenship, secularism, inalienable rights as well as nationalism and democracy.
Haitian Revolution (1791 - 1804) was a slave revolt in the French colony of Saint-Domingue, which culminated in the elimination of slavery there and the founding of the independent Haitian republic.
Batavian revolution (1795) refers to the political, social and cultural turmoil that marked the end of the Dutch Republic
Serbian Revolution (1804 - 1835) the national and social revolution of the Serbian people, during which this territory evolved from an Ottoman province into a constitutional monarchy and a modern nation-state.
Mexican War of Independence (1810 - 1821) was led by Mexican-born Spaniards, Mestizos and Amerindians who sought independence from Spain. It started as an idealistic peasants' rebellion against their colonial masters, but ended as an unlikely alliance between Mexican ex-royalists and Mexican guerrilla insurgents.
Paraguayan Revolt (1811) A bloodless overthrow of the Spanish government in Paraguay
Greek Revolution (1821 - 1832) war of independence waged by the Greek revolutionaries against the Ottoman Empire and establishment of the Kingdom of Greece
Belgian Revolution (1830 - 1831)was the conflict which led to the secession of the Southern provinces from the United Kingdom of the Netherlands and established an independent Kingdom of Belgium.
Third French Revolution (1848) led to the abdication Louis-Philippe
Establishment of the French Second Republic
Revolutions of 1848 revolutionary wave began in France in February and immediately spread to most of Europe and parts of Latin America. Over 50 countries were affected, but there was no coordination or cooperation among the revolutionaries in different countries. Five factors were involved: 2) the widespread dissatisfaction with the political leadership; 2) the demand for more participation and democracy; 3) the demands of the working classes; 4) the upsurge of nationalism; 5) and finally, the regrouping of the reactionary forces based in the royalty, the aristocracy, the army, and the peasants.
Taiping Rebellion (1850 - 1864) a large-scale revolt, against the authority and forces of the Qing Empire in China and self-proclaimed mystics named Hong Xiuquan and Yang Xiuqing. It result in the fall of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom
Weakening of the Qing Dynasty
Meiji Revolution (1866 - 1868) led to enormous changes in Japan's political and social structure, and spanned both the late Edo period (often called Late Tokugawa shogunate) and the beginning of the Meiji period.
Spanish Glorious Revolution/La Gloriosa (1868) resulted in the deposition of Queen Isabella II.
Philippine Revolution (1896 - 1898)a war of independence against Spanish rule
Persian Constitutional Revolution/Constitutional Revolution of Iran (1905 - 1907) first event of its kind in Asia, led to the establishment of a parliament in Persia/Iran, creating new opportunities and opened up seemingly boundless possibilities for the country's future.
Young Turk Revolution (1908) Young Turks force the autocratic ruler Abdul Hamid II to restore parliament and constitution in the Ottoman Empire
Monegasque Revolution (1910) was a series of confrontations by the subjects of Monaco against their ruler, Prince Albert I. It led to the end of absolute monarchy with the promulgation of the Constitution of Monaco
Mexican Revolution (1910 - 1920) overthrows the dictator Porfirio Diaz and seizures of power by Institutional Revolutionary Party.
Xinhai Revolution/Chinese Revolution (1911) was a revolution that overthrew China's last imperial dynasty, the Qing Dynasty, and established the Republic of China.
Arab Revolt (1916 - 1918) was initiated by the Sherif Hussein bin Ali with the aim of securing independence from the ruling Ottoman Turks and the partitioning of the Ottoman Empire
Irish War of Independence (1916 - 1923) the period of nationalist rebellion, guerrilla warfare, political change and civil war which brought about the establishment of the independent nation, the Irish Free State.
February Revolution (1917) its result was the abdication of Tsar Nicholas II, the end of the Romanov dynasty, and the end of the Russian Empire. The Tsar was replaced by a Russian Provisional Government under Prince Georgy Lvov. The Provisional Government was an alliance between liberals and socialists who wanted political reform.
October Revolution (1917) overthrew the Russian Provisional Government and gave the power to the local soviets dominated by Bolsheviks. As the revolution was not universally recognized outside of Petrograd there followed the struggles of the Russian Civil War (1917âÂÂ1923) and the creation of the Soviet Union in 1922.
Ukrainian Revolution (1917 - 1921) was a series of military conflicts between Ukrainian nationalists, Anarchists, Bolsheviks, the Central Powers forces of Germany and Austria-Hungary, the White Russian Volunteer Army, and Second Polish Republic forces for control of the territory of modern Ukraine after the February Revolution in the Russian Empire.
German Revolution (1918 - 1919) overthrows the Kaiser and the replacement of the German Empire with the Weimar Republic.
Spanish Civil War (1936 - 1939) brought the fall of the Second Spanish Republic and the establishment of the Spanish State under the authoritarian dictatorship of Francisco Franco
August Revolution (1945) the Viet Minh under Ho Chi Minh began rebellion against French colonial rule in Vietnam which resulted in the overthrow of the Vietnamese Empire and declares Vietnam independed but will later split the country between communist North Vietnam and the republic of South Vietnam
Indonesian National Revolution (1945 - 1949) One of the largest revolutions of the twentieth century, the struggle lasted for over four years and ended with Netherlands' recognition of Indonesia's independence
Indian Independence Movement (1947) encompasses a wide range of areas like political organisations, philosophies, and movements which had the common aim to ending the company rule(East India Company), and then British imperial authority, in parts of South Asia.
Egyptian Revolution of 1952 resulted in the overthrow, abdication, and exile of King Farouk, end of the rule of the Muhammad Ali Dynasty, establishment of the Republic of Egypt, end of the British occupation of Egypt, and the independence of Sudan
Cuban Revolution (1953 - 1959) was an armed revolt consolidated by Fidel Castro's 26th of July Movement against the regime of Cuban dictator Fulgencio Batista.
Nicaraguan Revolution (1961 - 1990) encompassed the rising opposition to the Somoza dictatorship in the 1960s and 1970s, the campaign led by the Sandinista National Liberation Front (Frente Sandinista de Liberación Nacional, FSLN) which led to the violent ousting of that dictatorship in 1979, and the subsequent efforts of the FSLN, which governed from 1979 until 1990, to reform the society and economy of the country along socialist lines
White Revolution (1963) was a far-reaching series of reforms in Iran launched by the Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi. It was a step towards westernization of Iran.
Zanzibar Revolution (1964) overthrew the 157-year-old Arab monarchy, declared the People's Republic of Zanzibar, and began the process of unification with Julius Nyerere's Tanganyika.
Carnation Revolution (1974) overthrows the right-wing dictatorship in Portugal
Saur Revolution (1978) resulted in the overthrow and death of Mohammed Daoud Khan and his family, establishment of the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan.The Soviets feared that the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan government was in danger of being toppled by opposition mujahideen forces and resented the independence shown by President Hafizullah Amin. USSR invaded Afghanistan, assassinated President Amin and started the 9 year Soviet-Afghan war.
Islamic Revolution (1979) refers to events involving the overthrow of IranâÂÂs monarchy (Pahlavi dynasty) under Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, and its replacement with an Islamic republic under Ayatollah Khomeini, the leader of the revolution. Ushers Islamic Fundamentalism as a global force.
People Power Revolution (1986) peacefully overthrows Ferdinand Marcos after his two decade authoritarian, repressive rule in the Philippines
Revolutions of 1989 brought the fall of communism in Eastern Europe and some countries from Africa and Asia, the breakup of the Soviet Union and Yugoslavia, the German reunification, Soviet withdrawal from Afghanistan, the Tiananmen Square protests led to more reforms in China and skepticism about communism all over the world associated with decreasing support for communist parties, especially in Europe and the end of the Cold War.
Indonesian Revolution (1998) resulted the resignation of President Suharto after three decades of the New Order period
Color revolutions (2000 - 2011) A series of non-violent revolutions who mostly used nonviolent resistance, also called civil resistance:
A) Bulldozer revolution (2000) which led to the overthrow of Slobodan Milosevic;
B) Rose Revolution in Georgia, following the disputed 2003 election, led to the overthrow of Eduard Shevardnadze and replacing him with Mikhail Saakashvili after new elections were held in March 2004;
C)Orange Revolution in Ukraine
D) Tulip Revolution in Kyrgyzstan was more violent than its predecessors and followed the disputed Kyrgyz parliamentary election, 2005.
E)Cedar Revolution (2005) triggered by the assassination of former Prime Minister Rafik Hariri, asks for the withdrawal of Syrian troops from Lebanon and the replacement of a government heavily influenced by Syrian interests with more independent leadership
F) Blue Revolution refers to demonstrations in Kuwait in support of women's suffrage beginning in March 2005;
G) Purple Revolution is a term that some have given to the end of Saddam Hussein's governance in Iraq and the coming of democracy to the nation.
H) Green Revolution is a term widely used to describe the Iranian election protests.
I) Jasmine Revolution is a widely used term for the 2010-2011 Tunisian protests
J) Lotus Revolution the protests in Egypt that forced President Mubarak to step down in 2011
Arab Revolutions (2010 - present) a revolutionary wave of demonstrations and protests occurring in the Arab world with the goal of chancing the authoritarian regimes with democracies
